What are the grade-by-grade symptoms and prevention for patellar luxation in dogs?

Quick answer

Patellar luxation is a condition where the kneecap of the hind leg slips out of place, and it's especially common in small breeds. In grades 1–2, your dog may occasionally limp or stretch a hind leg backward. By grades 3–4, they limp constantly or walk with the leg bent and show pain. For prevention, use non-slip mats on floors, install pet stairs for the bed or sofa, and regularly trim the fur between the paw pads to prevent slipping.